Памятник эриставов [Автор Неизвестен] (fb2) читать постранично, страница - 16
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75??????????. 12????????? «75-й царь Георгий, 12 лет царствовал».
84. Приписка тем же почерком:???????? 1396 – «От (рожд.) Хр. 1396». Этот поход царя Георгия был предпринят в 1398 г.
85. Эта фраза внесена в списки летописи «Картлис цховреба». Названия даны в следующих формах: ПЭ -???????:??????? (КЦ:????????/???????)?????? (КЦ:????????/????????)??????? (КЦ:???????, Ш. А. Месхиа:????????)????????????.
86 Лихт-Имери, букв. – по ту сторону Лихских (гор): современного Сурамского хребта; отсюда название Имерети.
87. Эти два слова вписаны между строками.
88. Хизан, букв.- беженец, позднее – бобыль; о детях храма см. прим. 15.
89. Эта фраза вписана в списки летописи «Картлис цховреба» (КЦ, II. с. 449), Бурдиас-швили, в КЦ:????????????/???????????? «Шурдиас-швили/Бурдиас-швили».
90. В тексте??????, «Лекети», букв.- Страна леков, лезгин.
91. Здесь смешано два похода Тимура в Грузию: в 1400 г. было опустошено Ксанское эриставство, а в 1403 г. – Кутаиси (закончился этот поход в декабре того же года).
92. Одна строка срезана. На следующей строке текст начинается с окончания род. п. ед. ч. с наращением:???.
93.?????;???? (перс.) – «Медный барабан». У Ш. А. Месхиа нет этого слова.
94. Вдоль этих строк приписка почерком мхедрули (б):?????????????. «Это (является) продолжением предыдущего».
95. Чтение числового обозначения сомнительно, к тому же, может быть, была буква и для единиц: край листа срезан. У Ш. А. Месхиа: 10.
96. Укан-убани, букв. – задний околоток, Цин-убани, букв.- передний околоток, находятся в Цхразмис-хеви.
97. На нижнем поле приписка поздним почерком хуцури:??????????? – «Проклятый Хареба». На л. 9б портрет эристава Виршела.
98. На верхнем поле приписка письмом хуцури (почерк тот же, что и основного текста):??????????????????? -- «Иконы и книги все невредимыми ос[тались]».
99. Это слово вписано киноварью между строками.
100. По-видимому, церковь в Тбилиси.
101. Этот абзац внесен в списки летописи «Картлис цховреба» (КЦ, II, с. 456).
102.????????????????, букв.- крепость (или крепостей) и селений пять; ср. выше:?????????????? букв. – восемь крепостей и селений.
103. Гора и монастырь у Мцхета.
104. Сурамели, букв. – сурамец, владетель Сурами. Сурами-город и крепость в Шида (Внутренней) Картли, – недалеко от входа в Боржомское ущелье. До середины XIV в. в Сурамели являлись эриставами картлийскими, а во второй половине XIV в. и в начала XIV в. – лишь эриставами Арагвскими.
105.??? – этого слова нет у Ф. Д. Жорданиа и Ш. А. Месхиа, но есть у М. Броссе.
106.?????????????, «Магран-Двалети», область (хеви) в истоках Диди (Большой) Лиахви (см. прим. 77).
107.????: возможно и ед. ч. На этом ПЭ обрывается.
Summary The present publication contains a commented Russian translation of the Georgian family chronicle of the Ksani eristavs. The manuscript of the chronicle (autograph), consisting of ten detached parchment leaves, is preserved in Leningrad, at the department of MSS of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The MS is defective – the opening and closing parts are missing. The text is written in black ink, in the ecclesiastical cursive – nuskhakhutsuri-script. The initial letters of paragraphs and of some proper names, as well as of the alphabetical designation of dates, are in capitals – asomtavruli. “The Record of the Eristavs” was apparently compiled not earlier than 1405-1406 and not later than 1410, at Largvis Monastery (present day village of Monasteri, at the confluence of the Churta and Ksani rivers) which-down to the early nineteenth century – was the burial place of the Ksani eristavs. The authorship of the chronicle is tentatively ascribed to Grigol Bandas-dze, son of Avgaroz Bandas-dze, one of three bookmen of the Largvis monastery in the second half of the 14th and early 15th centuries. The Record clearly falls into two parts. The first describes events of the ninth century: unrest in Dvaleti prior to the establishment of the rule of eristavs, augmentation of power of the Ksani eristavs Kvenipneveli-Largveli under the eristavs Rostom and Largveli and their relations with Kartli, and construction in Largvisi and Dvaleti. All this occured under the kings Istvinian and David Bagratoniani. The second part of the chronicle covers the period from the end of the 13th century to ca 1405. Here particular attention is given to the description of Timur's campaigns in Georgia. The opening portion of the “Record of the Eristavs” is probably based on some chronicle which must have been written much earlier than the fourteenth century – perhaps shortly after the events described. It should be assumed that in its account of the developments in the Ksani Eristavate the document in question is based on reliable sources – an a chronicle dealing with 11th-century occurrences and certain 14th-century sources. However the compiler of the chronicle did not possess good sources on the history of Kartli, and on the kingdom of Georgia in general; hence he committed some errors in relating separate events in the Ksani Eristavate with parallel developments in Kartli. The period of the rule of Virshel III and king Giorgi VII constitutes on exception for the description of the period given by a contemporary author, raises no doubts. “The Record of the Eristavs” contains evidence on a period treated very scantily in the annals – hence it constitutes the only source for the study of the history of the relations of Eastern Georgia with the mountain tribes – mainly with the Dvals. In addition, the chronicle contains valuable materials for the study of socio-economic relations, expecially in the mountains areas of Kartli.
THE RECORD OF THE ERISTAVS
Summary The present publication contains a commented Russian translation of the Georgian family chronicle of the Ksani eristavs. The manuscript of the chronicle (autograph), consisting of ten detached parchment leaves, is preserved in Leningrad, at the department of MSS of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The MS is defective – the opening and closing parts are missing. The text is written in black ink, in the ecclesiastical cursive – nuskhakhutsuri-script. The initial letters of paragraphs and of some proper names, as well as of the alphabetical designation of dates, are in capitals – asomtavruli. “The Record of the Eristavs” was apparently compiled not earlier than 1405-1406 and not later than 1410, at Largvis Monastery (present day village of Monasteri, at the confluence of the Churta and Ksani rivers) which-down to the early nineteenth century – was the burial place of the Ksani eristavs. The authorship of the chronicle is tentatively ascribed to Grigol Bandas-dze, son of Avgaroz Bandas-dze, one of three bookmen of the Largvis monastery in the second half of the 14th and early 15th centuries. The Record clearly falls into two parts. The first describes events of the ninth century: unrest in Dvaleti prior to the establishment of the rule of eristavs, augmentation of power of the Ksani eristavs Kvenipneveli-Largveli under the eristavs Rostom and Largveli and their relations with Kartli, and construction in Largvisi and Dvaleti. All this occured under the kings Istvinian and David Bagratoniani. The second part of the chronicle covers the period from the end of the 13th century to ca 1405. Here particular attention is given to the description of Timur's campaigns in Georgia. The opening portion of the “Record of the Eristavs” is probably based on some chronicle which must have been written much earlier than the fourteenth century – perhaps shortly after the events described. It should be assumed that in its account of the developments in the Ksani Eristavate the document in question is based on reliable sources – an a chronicle dealing with 11th-century occurrences and certain 14th-century sources. However the compiler of the chronicle did not possess good sources on the history of Kartli, and on the kingdom of Georgia in general; hence he committed some errors in relating separate events in the Ksani Eristavate with parallel developments in Kartli. The period of the rule of Virshel III and king Giorgi VII constitutes on exception for the description of the period given by a contemporary author, raises no doubts. “The Record of the Eristavs” contains evidence on a period treated very scantily in the annals – hence it constitutes the only source for the study of the history of the relations of Eastern Georgia with the mountain tribes – mainly with the Dvals. In addition, the chronicle contains valuable materials for the study of socio-economic relations, expecially in the mountains areas of Kartli.
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